Monday, November 9, 2009

Lead pollution world-wide – Alarming

Pollution from lead and other heavy metals are agents of disease for many of the world’s children. In poor countries, the health risks associated with this kind of pollution are all too often seen as the inevitable price of economic development.

Lead exposure is a major health hazard. It is a metal with no known biological benefit to humans. A direct link has been found between early exposure and extreme learning disability, hyperactivity, violence and lethargy. Too much lead in the body interferes with the normal development of the brain, the central nervous system, the kidney and the heart.

An estimated 120 million people worldwide are exposed to lead in the environment, in air, soil, water. It is estimates that over 12 million people are affected by lead contamination from processing of used lead acid batteries and unsafe unregulated recycling throughout the developing world. Dangerous lead contamination is found in children in some 80 countries.

Lead poisoning is determined by measuring the ratio of lead to blood in the human body. The accepted limit of lead in blood is 10 µg/dL.

To take the lead out of blood, a chemical called calcium di-sodium EDTA is injected into the body to form a complex (chelate) with the lead ions in the blood which ultimately passes out in urine and faeces. The concentrations, in such levels are measured using advanced testing equipment such as total reflection x-ray fluorescence unit and germanium photon detectors. International organizations such as IAEA support such activities.

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